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Choosing the right liquid mainly depends on the PG/VG ratio and the resistance of your coil:

• MTL devices & pod systems (coil > 0.8 ohm): Liquids with 50% VG / 50% PG are best here. They are thin enough for good wicking and provide intense flavour. Nicotine salt liquids often fall into this category and are very popular.
• DL devices & sub‑ohm (coil < 1.0 ohm): Thicker liquids with a high VG content (70% VG or more) are required. These produce large clouds and are smoother on the throat for direct lung inhales. Shortfills are typically high VG.

Always follow the recommendations of your device or coil manufacturer.

Choosing a nicotine strength (mg/ml) is very individual. Here is some guidance for switchers, based on previous cigarette consumption (for MTL devices):

• Heavy smokers (> 20 cigs/day): Start with 18–20 mg/ml (ideally as nicotine salt for a smoother hit).
• Moderate smokers (10–20 cigs/day): Try 9–12 mg/ml (freebase) or 10–20 mg/ml (nicotine salt).
• Light smokers (< 10 cigs/day): Start with 3–6 mg/ml (freebase) or 5–10 mg/ml (nicotine salt).

For DL vapers, 0 mg, 3 mg or 6 mg/ml are common, as each puff delivers more vapour and therefore more nicotine.

Important: The mg/ml value of liquids is not directly comparable to the mg indication on cigarette packs, as that shows the amount measured in the smoke. It is better to start a bit higher and reduce if needed.

The main difference lies in the pH level and the resulting vaping experience:

Note: Because the “warning effect” of harshness is missing with nicotine salts, there is a higher risk of overdosing at high strengths (headache, nausea) if you puff too often or too intensely.

Shortfills are an easy way to mix liquids with nicotine at your desired strength. Here’s how, step by step:

1. Choose your target strength: Do you want 3 mg/ml or 6 mg/ml in the finished liquid?
2. Prepare nicotine shots: You need nicotine shots (usually 10 ml with 18 mg or 20 mg/ml). The amount needed depends on the shortfill size and your target strength:
   • 50 ml in a 60 ml bottle + 1 shot (18/20 mg) = 60 ml at 3 mg or approx. 3.3 mg
   • 100 ml in a 120 ml bottle + 2 shots (18/20 mg) = 120 ml at 3 mg or approx. 3.3 mg
   • For 6 mg you’ll need more shots and possibly a separate mixing bottle.
3. Open the shortfill: Remove the cap and nozzle of the shortfill bottle.
4. Add the shots: Carefully pour in the required number of nicotine shots.
5. Close & shake well: Put the nozzle back on and close the bottle tightly. Shake vigorously for at least 2–3 minutes so nicotine and flavour distribute evenly.
6. Let it steep (optional): Many liquids taste better if they “steep” for a few hours to days after mixing. Store the bottle in a cool, dark place.

Most e‑liquids have a best‑before date (BBE) of around 1–2 years from manufacture if stored unopened. After opening or mixing (for shortfills/longfills), you should ideally use them within 3–6 months.

Important: The BBE is not an expiry date. With correct storage many e‑liquids are enjoyable well beyond the BBE, though flavour and nicotine effect can fade over time (especially due to oxidation). Discolouration, especially with nicotine liquids, is often part of the normal steeping process and not a sign of spoilage. If the liquid becomes cloudy or milky, you should dispose of it.

Tips for correct storage:

• Keep cool: Room temperature (around 15–20 °C) is ideal. Not in the fridge (too cold, can change viscosity).
• Keep dark: Protect from direct sunlight and strong light, as UV breaks down nicotine and flavours.
• Airtight: Always close the bottle tightly to minimise oxidation.
• Child‑safe: Store out of reach of children and pets.

According to numerous studies, e‑liquids for vaping are significantly less harmful than tobacco smoke, as there is no combustion and therefore many carcinogens such as tar and carbon monoxide do not form. The main components PG and VG are generally recognised as safe as food additives.

However, there are some points to bear in mind:

• Nicotine: Is a neurotoxin and addictive. Liquids should be kept in child‑resistant containers and away from children. Swallowing small amounts is usually not dangerous for adults but should be avoided.
• Flavours: Are mostly food‑grade, but their long‑term effects when inhaled are still being researched. A few flavouring substances (e.g. cinnamaldehyde, diacetyl – the latter largely banned in the EU) can potentially be irritating.
• Overheating: At excessively high power or incorrect use, unwanted breakdown products (e.g. formaldehyde) can form. Modern devices often have protective mechanisms.
• Quality: Only buy liquids from reputable vendors like Vape.CH who offer tested products. Unknown or illegal products (especially those with THC/vitamin E acetate) pose significant health risks.